The treatment of arthrosis of the knee joint

Arthritis of the knee joint-This is a degenerative-district disease of the cartilage, which leads to the exposure of bone heads and damaged mobility in the joint.The disease is of a non -inflammatory nature and slowly progresses - the transition from the initial phase to disability lasts from several years to several decades.The knee joint osteoarthritis is included in the 5 most common causes of disability and disability worldwide.

Over 20% of people over 55 years of age are subject to knee arthritis (gonartrosis), but the disease is quickly new - its symptoms are increasingly manifested at the age of 25.

Over time, treating the arthrosis of the knee joint will help avoid complications and the destruction of the cartilage.

Signs of knee joint arthrosis

Articular cartilage coating is associated with characteristic features, the intensity of which depends on the stage of the disease.Most often, patients complain about:

• breakfast of breakfast and decreased mobility in union (awakening is required);
• Knee pain and discomfort, which grow after physical exercise (long walking, running or standing) and are declining when resting;
• In stage 2 - the initial so -called pains that occur after a long stay in one position;
• Increased fatigue, which is often written for age -related changes;
• Dry thick crisis, which is repeated regularly when kneeling and bending;
• edema and other symptoms of inflammation that appear in the 2nd stage of the disease due to trauma of perioster tissue;
• Methe sensitivity, increased symptoms in the cold season.

When you try to bend the knee -stricken knee, a sharp pain and a feeling of physical obstacles occur.In the later stages, even in the presence of the treatment of knee joint arthrosis, patients are concerned in patients (made enjoying, patients walk in solid legs), deformity of the lower extremities appears in the form of "O" or "X".

The appearance of the disease lies in the fact that it can occur in a hidden form for years, and the first important symptoms often appear only in stage 2 - when complete restoration of synovial cartilage is already impossible.
Therefore, it is important to consult a doctor at the first signs of knee disturbance - for example, weak, as if they attract pain that occurs with insufficient production of synovial fluid.Remember: knee pain is not the norm regardless of age.Timely examination and treatment of knee arthrosis of scale 1 can completely protect you from painful pain in the joints in old age.

Will what will happen if the knee arthrosis does not treat?

In the event of self-medication, disrespect for the doctor's recommendations or lack of treatment, knee joint osteoarthrosis progresses on average 3-8 times faster than with complex therapy.If gonarthrosis occurs aggressively, the patient may lose the ability to move normally before retirement age.

Particularly important is the effective treatment of knee arthrosis at a stage of irritation.Raw weather, physical or emotional stress, allergies, poisoning, movement in the region with another climate - in a word, any shakes for the body can provoke it.Arthrosis irritation continues with the destruction of a large amount of chondrocytes.In response, the body produces enzymes that are created to process and remove dead cells.However, if their concentration is too high, healthy cartilage areas suffer - cell membranes become thinner, erosion focuses appear in synovial confiscation of the joint.This process, if it does not stop by treating knee arthrosis with medication, can flow within a few weeks, and with chronic stress, lack of sleep or insufficient diet, constantly.

After all, without treatment, the knee osteoarthritis leads to a complete decrease in the lumen of the common gap due to the increase in osteophytes.The gap needed for normal movement is closed, and the patient cannot bend the leg even at 30-45 °.Difficulty is not only climbing stairs, but also an attempt to get up from the usual sofa or movement.This condition is associated with pain from which ordinary analgesics do not help.In such cases, an opportunity for the treatment of knee joint arthrosis remains - surgical, with a complete replacement of articular architecture with prosthesis and subsequent long -term rehabilitation.But in this case, most patients cannot return to a completely normal life.

The treatment of osteoarthrosis of the knee joint

Depending on the stage of the disease and the condition of the joint, conservative or surgical treatment of the knee joint arthrosis.

Treatment of knee joint arthrosis of the 1st degree of degree is always performed by conservative methods -in the event of a successful combination of circumstances and self -discipline, the patient can be obtained or continuous remission.

Treatment of knee joint arthrosis of the 2nd degree, as a rule, is built on the use of all methods of conservative effects, but the doctor may decide on minor surgical intervention in the joint if the disease develops aggressively or with complications.

Treatment of knee joint arthrosis of 3 degrees almost always means surgery.

Complex conservative treatment of the knee joint arthrosis involves the removal of pain and inflammation, the restoration of the cartilage and an increase in the volume of movements in the joint.For this, the patient is prescribed an orthopedic regimen of loads and rest, system and local medicines (hormonal and non -anormonal anti -inflammatory, analgesics, chondroprotectors and others).Innovative biological methods are also spread - injections of medication for the treatment of knee joint arthrosis directly in the articular bag.At the same time, PRP infections are used (blood plasma, enriched with platelets), as well as injections of the source cells obtained from the patient's fatty tissue.In parallel, auxiliary methods and rehabilitation are related - physiotherapy, massage, manual therapy, therapeutic gymnastics.

Surgical treatment of knee osteoarthrosis is performed in cases where the medication is powerless.With this pathology, the doctor may prescribe the following interventions:

• Knee joint arthroscopy.Collective name for a set of minimum invasive operations aimed at removing the broken area of articular clothes or osteophytes, or partial removal of the common shell.This allows you to delay or exclude prosthetics as well as eliminate discomfort in the early stages of the disease.It is mainly used for the treatment of knee arthrosis in patients under 60 years of age.
• Osteotomy.Operation to cut a piece of bone and correction of the load on the injured knee, which allows you to slow down degenerative changes.It is usually performed in the treatment of knee joint arthrosis of the 2nd degree.
• Endoprostetics.Partial or complete replacement of the knee joint with a titanium implant, which serves 15-20 years.This technique is an extreme measure, as it carries certain risks.Recommended for patients over 55 years of age.

All of these operations require the recovery period and have a number of contraindications, so the best option remains prevention (exercise therapy, chondroprotectors) and treatment of knee joint arthrosis in the early stages.

In addition to the main therapeutic techniques, diet therapy and other methods of lowering body weight are used.To discharge the sore joining, other bandages and orthoses are used (foot cane, orthopedic bedding, etc.).

Knee arthrosis treatment is prescribed by a-rhumatologist or orthopedist.At the first reception, he palpates the knot, does motor tests, and then directs the patient towards tomography or radiography.

Therapeutic gymnastics for knee arthrosis

Physical medical education for the lower belt limbs is considered the most effective method of reducing pain and treatment of arthrosis of the knee joint of the 1st degree.The first results from therapeutic gymnastics occur after 2-4 weeks of continuous classes.Continuity in the treatment of knee joint arthrosis is one of the main factors that affect the effectiveness of exercise therapy.A full lesson is performed once a day a day, it is also recommended to do at least 3-4 heaters during the day.

Therapeutic gymnastics for knee arthrosis during periods of repurchase will help relieve pain syndrome.

The main task of physical exercise in the treatment of knee osteoarthrosis is to strengthen the muscles of the thigh and lower leg, while maintaining the elasticity of the ligaments and tendons, as well as the fight against muscle atrophy, which is characteristic of arthrosis.This allows you to transfer the load from the node to the periarticular structures - and, thus, slow down the mechanical cartilage erosion, reduce inflammation.

Arthrosis knee treatment exercises are performed for both feet!When a sharp pain appears, the learning should stop or continue at a softer pace.

1. Initial position - lying on the back.One leg lies on the floor, the other is raised bent by 90 ° (the lower leg is parallel to the floor).We perform movements with the lower leg up and down, in terms of amplitude of movements in the joint.
2. Initial position - lying on the back.We perform the "bike" exercise.
3. Initial position - lying in the stomach.On the other hand, we hang our feet, trying to bring the heels as close to the buttocks as possible.
4. The starting position is stretched to the side, the hand is bent under the head or lies over the head along a line with the body.The other hand rests on the side.We make swinging upside down.We change the side.
5. Initial position - lying on the back.We pull our feet forward on the floor in front of the heel (by ourselves), socks look at "themselves".
6. Initial position - lying in the stomach.We do the "boat" exercise.If physical preparation does not allow, we place the palms on both sides of the chest and take the curves by taking our legs back, experiencing stress on the back surface of the thigh and lower leg.
7. Initial position - lying on the back.We turn our feet on the other hand, trying to describe the most complete circle with socks.
8. Start position - standing against the wall.Slowly and smoothly, without looking up with the back from the wall to distribute the load.When the feet are bent at 90 °, we begin the smooth movement up.
9. The starting position is standing.Otherwise, we are shaking our feet forward, back and sideways.

Please note: Therapeutic gymnastics after union operations has its own specifics and changes depending on how many days have passed from the time of operation.Is described by a surgeon or rehabilitologist.

Knee

The therapeutic massage for knee arthrosis is performed on both feet.At least, at least 10-12 sessions are required for a rehabilitologist or equipment for hydromassage equipment, but a simple general force massage can be performed at home.Includes the following types of movements:

• Surface stroke and friction (up and down, software and in the opposite direction);
• Test and stretching with fingertips of deeper fabrics;
• Tighten and respond to the skin.

Massage with knee arthrosis should be done by a specialist who will not damage the diseased joint.

Itself -the size can be combined with the treatment of knee joint arthrosis with medication: it will not be excessive to apply a heat or balm oil before or during the session.You can also take a warm bath before the procedure.

Important: Massage is contraindicated to patients with symptoms of inflammation (osteoarthritis or deterioration of arthrosis).In this case, therapy for the acute phase is required.

Dietary

Standard Energy Protocol in the treatment of knee joint arthrosis requires:

• Limit products and dishes rich in simple carbohydrates (white bread, cakes, snack, cakes, potatoes, sugar);
• To exclude processed dishes (ready for use) and rich - fast food, semi -finished products, sausages;
• Reject alcohol, decoderized coffee and fatty meat.

Instead, you should include in the menu:

• Grain vessels germinate and full;
• Fatty fish of the northern seas and dietary poultry meat;
• Cartilage (ears, nyushki, feet and other parts rich in collagen), cold men and jelly;
• Vegetables and fruits rich in vitamins and antioxidants (in particular, vitamins A, B12, C, E);
• Nuts and other sources of omega acids of fat and valuable minerals.

The arthrosis diet of the knee joint provides a balanced diet, which helps restore cartilage tissue.

The treatment of arthrosis of the knee joint with medicines - vitamin mineral complexes (2 courses per year) is also recommended.

Physiotherapy for the treatment of knee osteoarthrosis

The following physiotherapeutic procedures are used for effective treatment of knee arthrosis and improving medication action:

• magnetotherapy;
• Laser therapy;
• UHF;
• ultrasound therapy;
• amplulip;
• electrophoresis (including medicinal);
• Ozokerite applications and paraffin;
• thermotherapy (cryotherapy, induction);
• phonophoresis;
• Balneological therapy (sulfur baths, hydrogen sulfides).

Acupuncture in the treatment of knee joint arthrosis 2 degrees, as a rule, is not used.

Before visiting the procedures, it is necessary to consult a doctor - many types of physiotherapy are contraindicated in deteriorating the disease.

Medicines for the treatment of knee joint arthrosis

Treatment of knee joint arthrosis with medication is performed symptoms and taking into account the patient's individual response to chosen medicines.Drug therapy - injections, ointments or tablets for the treatment of knee joint arthrosis - are usually prescribed or as needed.

To choose the right medicine for the treatment of knee joint arthrosis, consult a physician who, after study, will choose the necessary medication.

In the treatment of knee joint arthrosis, there are several directions: softening the patient's life, improving cartilage food, cartilage regeneration, and maintaining muscle line apparatus.

Non -inflammatory drugs non -inflammatory

To relieve the NSAIDs in tablets or capsules, they take courses (about 12 days) or if necessary, depending on the intensity of the pain syndrome.The uncontrolled reception of NSAIDs with damaged doctor guidelines or recommendations is filled with stomach or intestinal ulcers.They need to be extremely careful to take them in combination with glucocorticosteroids and medicines that affect blood clotting.Additional risk factors - over 65 years of age, smoking, alcohol intake during the course.In these cases, doctors usually recommend administration of drug injection by bypassing the gastrointestinal tract.Along with NSAIDs, it is advisable to get gastroprotectors.

The maximum effect can be achieved with a combination of systemic NSAIDs (for internal administration) and external - in the form of ointments, creams or gels.The second option provides a point effect on the affected joint and at the same time minimally affects digestion.

Corticosteroids (steroid medication for the treatment of knee joint arthrosis)

Hormonal drugs (Civil Code) are usually used to block knee steroids in cases where NSAIDs are not enough to relieve pain and inflammation.

Glucocorticoid injections are considered an extreme measure in the treatment of knee joint arthrosis with medication.They provide relief 20 minutes after administration, but hormonal disorders and damage to cartilage tissue contrary to the rules of administration can lead to.Due to the side effects, many orthopedists prefer knee operation of prolonged CC therapy.

Chondroprotectors in the treatment of knee joint arthrosis

Compatrotective agents based on extracts from the nuclei and cartilage of livestock, sea fish and molluscs contribute to the restoration of the synovial cartilage, and are therefore irreplaceable for the effective treatment of knee arthritis.Chondroprotectors contain a large number of glycosaminoglycans - natural polymers, from which the cartilage is built.Therefore, they make the chondrocytes (cartilage cells) more stable, contribute to their growth, enrich the synovial fluid.

Unlike anti -inflammatory drugs, chondroprotectors have virtually no contraindications.They provide a cumulative, prolonged effect-the first improvements occur after 1-3 months of admission, and the duration of the course is 3-6 months.

Sprouting agents of the skin

External preparations for the treatment of knee arthrosis with an increasing effect locally improve blood circulation and joint nutrition, and also distract the patient from pain.For this purpose, ointments, gel, creams and balm based on natural ingredients - bee or snake venom, extract of burnt pepper.

In the presence of an allergic reaction (persistent redness and skin pain, redness), during pregnancy and lactation, as well as in the presence of other contraindications, it is best to avoid the heating of ointments for the treatment of knee joint arthrosis and limit yourself to warm baths, anti -infamous applications.

Prosthesis of synovial fluid

If the synovial fluid in the joint is too small, the sliding of the articular surfaces is concerned.And most importantly, the cartilage hunger begins, because the articular fluid, which only drinks it as a sponge, normally supplies nutrients for the growth and maintenance of cartilage tissue.To prevent the destruction of cells and mechanical corrosion of the knee cartilage, the doctor may prescribe injections of high molecular weight derivatives of the hyaluron.The injections of the drug in the treatment of knee joint arthrosis (viscostering) are made directly in the articular bag, which leads to rapid relief, which lasts from 3 to 12 months at the end of the course.However, with the introduction of prosthesis, there is a risk of necrotic changes or fusion infections.

Antispasmodics, analgesics, muscle relaxants

In cases where spasms and muscle tension prevent the patient from falling asleep, creating pain during movement, the doctor prescribes antispasmodics and muscle relaxants.

Simple analgesics in the treatment of knee joint arthrosis are not used, as they mask the pain but do not relieve inflammation.You can use them or Affordable NSAIDs without a doctor's prescription up to 10 days, after which an examination is required.

Form of medication release for the treatment of knee joint arthrosis

For the ease of patients, medicines for the treatment of knee joint arthrosis are released in various forms.Is there any difference between them and which one to choose?

Preparations for the treatment of knee arthrosis have several forms of release: sasha, injections, ointments, tablets.Choose the one that is best suited for you.

Capsules, sasha and tablets for the treatment of knee joint arthrosis

Josteroidal anti -inflammatory drugs, corticosteroids, chondroprotectors and muscle relaxants are produced in forms for oral administration.In this case, they are easy to dose, reception is possible without the participation of a medical worker, it is easy to check which part of the course has already passed.When taking chondroprotectors and NSAIDs inside, they have a very high biodisponitability (especially in the form of Sasha).When taking a chief chondroprotector in the periarticular region, more than 95% of the substances useful from the medicine are taken.

Injection

In the form of injections, you can get already mentioned NSAIDs, Civil Code, chondroprotectors and muscle relaxants, as well as synovial fluid prostheses.This method of treatment of knee joint arthrosis indicates maximum bio availability.

This method of treatment of knee arthrosis is safe for digestion, but it is desirable that injections (intravenously, intramuscularly fusion or intraarticular) place a qualified medical staff.Intramuscular injections into the buttocks or thighs can be made independently.

External use

Local, anti -inflammatory and chondroprotective ointments are used externally to treat knee joint arthrosis.The advantage of such a medicine is to direct effects on the affected tissue.But in the path of active substances, a skin barrier rises - alas, often only 5% of active ingredients reach the desired layers of tissue.

Hopefully we were able to help.Grits safe for you!